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Tables

Documentation and examples for opt-in styling of tables (given their prevalent use in JavaScript plugins) with Boosted Innovation Cup.

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Overview

Due to the widespread use of <table> elements across third-party widgets like calendars and date pickers, Boosted Innovation Cup’s tables are opt-in. Add the base class .table to any <table>, then extend with our optional modifier classes or custom styles. All table styles are not inherited in Boosted Innovation Cup, meaning any nested tables can be styled independent from the parent.

Using the most basic table markup, here’s how .table-based tables look in Boosted Innovation Cup.

# First Last Handle
1 Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter 
<table class="table">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th scope="col">#</th>
      <th scope="col">First</th>
      <th scope="col">Last</th>
      <th scope="col">Handle</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">1</th>
      <td>Mark</td>
      <td>Otto</td>
      <td>@mdo</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">2</th>
      <td>Jacob</td>
      <td>Thornton</td>
      <td>@fat</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">3</th>
      <td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
      <td>@twitter</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

Variants

Use contextual class to color tables, table rows or individual cells.

Class Heading Heading
Default Cell Cell
Dark Cell Cell 
<!-- On tables -->
<table class="table-dark">...</table>

<!-- On rows -->
<tr class="table-dark">...</tr>

<!-- On cells (`td` or `th`) -->
<tr>
  <td class="table-dark">...</td>
</tr>
Conveying meaning to assistive technologies

Using color to add meaning only provides a visual indication, which will not be conveyed to users of assistive technologies – such as screen readers. Ensure that information denoted by the color is either obvious from the content itself (e.g. the visible text), or is included through alternative means, such as additional text hidden with the .visually-hidden class.

Accented tables

Hoverable rows

Add .table-hover to enable a hover state on table rows within a <tbody>.

# First Last Handle
1 Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter 
<table class="table table-hover">
  ...
</table>
# First Last Handle
1 Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter 
<table class="table table-dark table-hover">
  ...
</table>

Active tables

Highlight a table row or cell by adding a .table-active class.

# First Last Handle
1 Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter 
<table class="table">
  <thead>
    ...
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr class="table-active">
      ...
    </tr>
    <tr>
      ...
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">3</th>
      <td colspan="2" class="table-active">Larry the Bird</td>
      <td>@twitter</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
# First Last Handle
1 Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter 
<table class="table table-dark">
  <thead>
    ...
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr class="table-active">
      ...
    </tr>
    <tr>
      ...
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">3</th>
      <td colspan="2" class="table-active">Larry the Bird</td>
      <td>@twitter</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

How do the variants and accented tables work?

For the accented tables (hoverable rows and active tables), we used some techniques to make these effects work for all our table variants:

  • We start by setting the background of a table cell with the --bs-table-bg custom property. All table variants then set that custom property to colorize the table cells. This way, we don’t get into trouble if semi-transparent colors are used as table backgrounds.
  • Then we add an inset box shadow on the table cells with box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 9999px var(--bs-table-accent-bg); to layer on top of any specified background-color. Because we use a huge spread and no blur, the color will be monotone. Since --bs-table-accent-bg is unset by default, we don’t have a default box shadow.
  • When either .table-hover or .table-active classes are added, the --bs-table-accent-bg is set to a semitransparent color to colorize the background.
  • For each table variant, we generate a --bs-table-accent-bg color with the highest contrast depending on that color. For example, the accent color for .table-dark has a lighter accent color.
  • Text and border colors are generated the same way, and their colors are inherited by default.

Behind the scenes it looks like this:

@mixin table-variant($state, $background) {
  .table-#{$state} {
    $color: color-contrast(opaque($body-bg, $background));
    $hover-bg: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-hover-bg-factor));
    $active-bg: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-active-bg-factor));
    $border-color: mix($color, $background, percentage($table-border-factor));

    --#{$prefix}table-color: #{$color};
    --#{$prefix}table-bg: #{$background};
    --#{$prefix}table-border-color: #{$border-color};
    --#{$prefix}table-active-bg: #{$active-bg};
    --#{$prefix}table-active-color: #{color-contrast($active-bg)};
    --#{$prefix}table-hover-bg: #{$hover-bg};
    --#{$prefix}table-hover-color: #{color-contrast($hover-bg)};

    color: var(--#{$prefix}table-color);
    border-color: var(--#{$prefix}table-border-color);
  }
}

Small tables

Add .table-sm to make any .table more compact by cutting all cell padding in half.

# First Last Handle
1 Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter 
<table class="table table-sm">
  ...
</table>
# First Last Handle
1 Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter 
<table class="table table-dark table-sm">
  ...
</table>

Table group dividers

Add a thicker border, darker between table groups—<thead>, <tbody>, and <tfoot>—with .table-group-divider. Customize the color by changing the border-top-color (which we don’t currently provide a utility class for at this time).

# First Last Handle
1 Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
html 
<table class="table">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th scope="col">#</th>
      <th scope="col">First</th>
      <th scope="col">Last</th>
      <th scope="col">Handle</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody class="table-group-divider">
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">1</th>
      <td>Mark</td>
      <td>Otto</td>
      <td>@mdo</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">2</th>
      <td>Jacob</td>
      <td>Thornton</td>
      <td>@fat</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">3</th>
      <td colspan="2">Larry the Bird</td>
      <td>@twitter</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

Vertical alignment

Table cells of <thead> are always vertical aligned to the bottom. Table cells in <tbody> inherit their alignment from <table> and are aligned to the top by default. Use the vertical align classes to re-align where needed.

Heading 1 Heading 2 Heading 3 Heading 4
This cell inherits vertical-align: middle; from the table This cell inherits vertical-align: middle; from the table This cell inherits vertical-align: middle; from the table This here is some placeholder text, intended to take up quite a bit of vertical space, to demonstrate how the vertical alignment works in the preceding cells.
This cell inherits vertical-align: bottom; from the table row This cell inherits vertical-align: bottom; from the table row This cell inherits vertical-align: bottom; from the table row This here is some placeholder text, intended to take up quite a bit of vertical space, to demonstrate how the vertical alignment works in the preceding cells.
This cell inherits vertical-align: middle; from the table This cell inherits vertical-align: middle; from the table This cell is aligned to the top. This here is some placeholder text, intended to take up quite a bit of vertical space, to demonstrate how the vertical alignment works in the preceding cells. 
<div class="table-responsive">
  <table class="table align-middle">
    <thead>
      <tr>
        ...
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        ...
      </tr>
      <tr class="align-bottom">
        ...
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>...</td>
        <td>...</td>
        <td class="align-top">This cell is aligned to the top.</td>
        <td>...</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>

Nesting

Border styles, active styles, and table variants are not inherited by nested tables.

# First Last Handle
1 Mark Otto @mdo
Header Header Header
A First Last
B First Last
C First Last
3 Larry the Bird @twitter 
<table class="table table-sm">
  <thead>
    ...
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    ...
    <tr>
      <td colspan="4">
        <table class="table mb-0">
          ...
        </table>
      </td>
    </tr>
    ...
  </tbody>
</table>

How nesting works

To prevent any styles from leaking to nested tables, we use the child combinator (>) selector in our CSS. Since we need to target all the tds and ths in the thead, tbody, and tfoot, our selector would look pretty long without it. As such, we use the rather odd looking .table > :not(caption) > * > * selector to target all tds and ths of the .table, but none of any potential nested tables.

Note that if you add <tr>s as direct children of a table, those <tr> will be wrapped in a <tbody> by default, thus making our selectors work as intended.

Anatomy

Captions

A <caption> functions like a heading for a table. It helps users with screen readers to find a table and understand what it’s about and decide if they want to read it.

List of users
# First Last Handle
1 Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
html 
<table class="table">
  <caption>List of users</caption>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th scope="col">#</th>
      <th scope="col">First</th>
      <th scope="col">Last</th>
      <th scope="col">Handle</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">1</th>
      <td>Mark</td>
      <td>Otto</td>
      <td>@mdo</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">2</th>
      <td>Jacob</td>
      <td>Thornton</td>
      <td>@fat</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">3</th>
      <td>Larry</td>
      <td>the Bird</td>
      <td>@twitter</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

You can also put the <caption> on the bottom of the table with .caption-bottom.

List of users
# First Last Handle
1 Mark Otto @mdo
2 Jacob Thornton @fat
3 Larry the Bird @twitter
html 
<table class="table caption-bottom">
  <caption>List of users</caption>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th scope="col">#</th>
      <th scope="col">First</th>
      <th scope="col">Last</th>
      <th scope="col">Handle</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">1</th>
      <td>Mark</td>
      <td>Otto</td>
      <td>@mdo</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">2</th>
      <td>Jacob</td>
      <td>Thornton</td>
      <td>@fat</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="row">3</th>
      <td>Larry</td>
      <td>the Bird</td>
      <td>@twitter</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

Responsive tables

Responsive tables allow tables to be scrolled horizontally with ease. Make any table responsive across all viewports by wrapping a .table with .table-responsive. Or, pick a maximum breakpoint with which to have a responsive table up to by using .table-responsive{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl}.

Vertical clipping/truncation

Responsive tables make use of overflow-y: hidden, which clips off any content that goes beyond the bottom or top edges of the table. In particular, this can clip off dropdown menus and other third-party widgets.

Always responsive

Across every breakpoint, use .table-responsive for horizontally scrolling tables.

# Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading
1 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
2 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
3 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
html 
  <div class="table-responsive" tabindex="0">
    <table class="table">
      <thead>
        <tr>
          <th scope="col">#</th>
          <th scope="col">Heading</th>
          <th scope="col">Heading</th>
          <th scope="col">Heading</th>
          <th scope="col">Heading</th>
          <th scope="col">Heading</th>
          <th scope="col">Heading</th>
          <th scope="col">Heading</th>
          <th scope="col">Heading</th>
          <th scope="col">Heading</th>
        </tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr>
          <th scope="row">1</th>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th scope="row">2</th>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <th scope="row">3</th>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
          <td>Cell</td>
        </tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>
<div class="table-responsive">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

Breakpoint specific

Use .table-responsive{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl|-xxl} as needed to create responsive tables up to a particular breakpoint. From that breakpoint and up, the table will behave normally and not scroll horizontally.

These tables may appear broken until their responsive styles apply at specific viewport widths.

# Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading
1 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
2 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
3 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
# Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading
1 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
2 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
3 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
# Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading
1 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
2 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
3 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
# Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading
1 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
2 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
3 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
# Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading
1 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
2 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
3 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
# Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading Heading
1 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
2 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell
3 Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell Cell 
<div class="table-responsive">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

<div class="table-responsive-sm">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

<div class="table-responsive-md">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

<div class="table-responsive-lg">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

<div class="table-responsive-xl">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

<div class="table-responsive-xxl">
  <table class="table">
    ...
  </table>
</div>

Rich content tables

Row selection

Add a .form-check div within <th> and <td> to display checkboxes and use the checked attribute.

Selection feature

The selection behavior isn’t implemented yet. This feature will be delivered with #410 as an example.

Column header Column header Column header Column header
Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text 
<div>
  <table class="table table-sm table-hover table-responsive">
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th scope="col">
          <div class="form-check mb-0">
            <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="customCheck">
            <label class="form-check-label" for="customCheck">
              <span class="visually-hidden">Select all</span>
            </label>
          </div>
        </th>
        <th scope="col">Column header</th>
        <th scope="col">Column header</th>
        <th scope="col">Column header</th>
        <th scope="col">Column header</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <div class="form-check mb-0">
            <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="customCheck1">
            <label class="form-check-label" for="customCheck1">
                <span class="visually-hidden">Select first row</span>
            </label>
          </div>
        </td>
        <td>Cell text</td>
        <td>Cell text</td>
        <td>Cell text</td>
        <td>Cell text</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>...</tr>
      <tr class="table-active">
        <td>
          <div class="form-check mb-0">
            <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="customCheck3" checked>
            <label class="form-check-label" for="customCheck3">
                <span class="visually-hidden">Select third row</span>
            </label>
          </div>
        </td>
        <td>Cell text</td>
        <td>Cell text</td>
        <td>Cell text</td>
        <td>Cell text</td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="table-active">...</tr>
      <tr>...</tr>
      <tr>...</tr>
      <tr>...</tr>
      <tr>...</tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>

With icons or thumbnails

Use SVG to display thumbnails or icons in your table data cell elements.

 Column header Column header Column header Column header
Thumbnail Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Document Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Thumbnail Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Document Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Document Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Document Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Document Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text
Document Cell text Cell text Cell text Cell text 
<td>
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1.875rem" height="1.875rem" class="me-1" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid slice" focusable="false" role="img" aria-labelledby="svg1">
    <title id="svg1">Thumbnail</title>
    <rect width="100%" height="100%" fill="#ffd200"></rect>
  </svg>
  Cell text
</td>
<td>
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1.875rem" height="1.875rem" class="me-1" viewBox="0 0 30 30" role="img" aria-labelledby="svg2">
    <title id="svg2">Document</title>
    <use xlink:href="/innovation-cup/docs/0.2/assets/img/boosted-sprite.svg#document"></use>
  </svg>
  Cell text
</td>
Column header Column header Column header Column header
Cell text Yes Yes Yes
Cell text Yes Yes Yes
Cell text Yes Yes
Cell text Yes Yes
Cell text Yes
Cell text Yes 
<td>
  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1.875rem" height="1.875rem" viewBox="0 0 30 30" role="img" aria-labelledby="check1-1">
    <title id="check1-1">Yes</title>
    <use style="color: var(--bs-success);" xlink:href="/innovation-cup/docs/0.2/assets/img/boosted-sprite.svg#tick"></use>
  </svg>
</td>

Sass

Variables 

$table-cell-padding-y:      .875rem;
$table-cell-padding-x:      $spacer * .5;
$table-cell-padding-y-sm:   .5625rem;
$table-cell-padding-x-sm:   $table-cell-padding-x;

$table-cell-vertical-align:   top;
$table-line-height:           1.25; // Boosted mod

$table-color:                 var(--#{$prefix}body-color);
$table-bg:                    $body-bg;
// Boosted mod: no $table-accent-bg

$table-th-font-weight:        null;

$table-active-color:          $table-color;
$table-active-bg-factor:      .1;
$table-active-bg:             rgba($black, $table-active-bg-factor);

$table-hover-color:           $table-color;
$table-hover-bg-factor:       .065;
$table-hover-bg:              rgba($black, $table-hover-bg-factor);

$table-border-factor:         .4;
$table-border-width:          $border-width * .5; // Boosted mod
$table-border-color:          $gray-500; // Boosted mod

// Boosted mod: no $table-striped-*

$table-group-separator-color: currentcolor;

$table-caption-color:         var(--#{$boosted-prefix}caption-color, $black); // Boosted mod
$table-caption-color-dark:    $white; // Boosted mod
$table-caption-padding-y:     .75rem; // Boosted mod

Loop 

$table-variants: (
  "dark": $dark
);

Customizing

The factor variables ($table-striped-bg-factor, $table-active-bg-factor & $table-hover-bg-factor) are used to determine the contrast in table variants.